I find it surprising that there are cafés without restrooms. In many countries if you have at least one table you are required to have a restroom to be given a license to operate your business.
Edit: no, once. The McDonald's in the Netherlands on the A16 highway, right after the Belgian border has paid toilets, even for customers. It's a disgrace.
I'd rather pay for toilets and have them be clean, than free and dirty.
I'm sure governments like the idea of not having to build-out public bathroom infrastructure (which gets a lot harder in places that freeze).
Here (Japan) places that need hand-washing but don't have a toilet will just have a small sink.
E.g. a fast food place in a mall where they don't have their own toilets: https://saga-style.jp/images/2573/files/251552529081.JPG
Convenience store: https://blog-imgs-65.fc2.com/d/a/i/daiwariki/20140731_2.jpg https://uttan.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/IMG_0332.jpg https://chie-pctr.c.yimg.jp/dk/iwiz-chie/que-1087926330?w=20...
My favorite regional 'fast food joint' is "Cookout" (NC/Tenn). Not only is the Big Double Tray a fantastic & delicious value... they have a hand-washing sink immediately next to the ordering line (so you can wash your hands while waiting).
More places need such accessible facilities.
I noticed in Denver a number of places that had gone out of their way to remove seating specifically to avoid having to offer restrooms to the booming homeless population in the urban center there.