pdflatex doesn't really help here. pdflatex allows you to bypass dvi, the native TeX output format. The input for latex may well still include eps image files though.
I used to use PDF because you could easily export them from Illustrator and suck them straight in to xelatex or pdflatex (but this was years ago, so I can’t remember all the specifics)
At least it was the case when it mattered to me, now I mostly moved to LuaLaTeX anyway for other reasons.