https://archive.ph/BBmOP | https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jan/30/us-coal-more...
https://www.gem.wiki/Dry_Fork_Station
https://web.archive.org/web/20230921183659/https://energyinn...
> This report finds 99 percent of the existing U.S. coal fleet is more expensive to run compared to replacement by new solar or wind. Replacing coal plants with local wind and solar would also save enough to finance nearly 150 gigawatts of four-hour battery storage, over 60 percent of the coal fleet’s capacity, and generate $589 billion in new investment across the U.S. Our report provides policy recommendations to facilitate a just transition through the Coal Cost Crossover.
(obligatory "base load is a myth", you overbuild renewables in order to make up for firm generation shortfall, you'll see some fossil gas generation uptick until firm renewables and more batteries drive out fossil gas generation, etc)
> The main scenarios modelled show how very low-carbon and high renewable energy grids can be enabled, in the range of 80% by 2050. However, to get to 100% decarbonisation scenarios, it’s very likely variable renewable energy (VRE) paired with diurnal storage will not be enough. Seasonal storage — with durations of days, or even weeks or months — from technologies like hydrogen could help push the grid to fully carbon-free, especially if they can become cost-competitive.
You could also just burn fossil gas for that last bit if direct air carbon capture gets cheap enough to use the atmosphere as the battery, pulling the carbon from combustion back underground in stable state when clean energy is available and cheap (and is why Climeworks' Orca installation runs in Iceland on clean geothermal power). Enough sunlight falls on the Earth every 2 minutes to power humanity for a year, so we can kick the can on the last, hardest part until we get there.
https://www.energy-storage.news/nrel-rapid-growth-of-energy-...
https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy22osti/81779.pdf
(TLDR We can safely kill coal today with limited impact)