Thank you for sharing your experience!
I'm sort of using it as a from-scratch-learning tool myself (and I made sort of the same experience as you, after a while the first numbers start to stick) - although I definitely agree that it is very much a "getting thrown into the pool" approach to teaching.
In my head, I call the usage of Latin script for Arabic words "transliteration", which I believe is the general term for expressing a word in another script system. Not sure if there is a specific one for Arabic/Latin..