I think the only solution to this, and I personally don't care to implement it so just discussing this intellectually, is to disallow M&A. These firms have reached such scale that they can overpay significantly for every next generation platform (that could eventually compete against them) and protect the moat. Otherwise we we will only see shakeups when paradigm shifts occur, only to see the companies leading the shake ups get acquired... OpenAi comes to mind as the only credible threat to Google in recent years, only to see it get swallowed by MSFT.
Its difficult for any company to be at the bleeding edge of innovation forever, so they must be prevented from acquiring all innovation forever.