Top 15 PL are Python, Java, C++, C, Javascript, C#, SQL, Go, Typescript, HTML, R, Shell, PHP, Ruby and SAS.
Python doesn’t just remain No. 1 but it has managed to widens its lead in 2023 at the expense of smaller, more specialized languages. It has become the jack-of-all-trades language and has found its niche in AI, where powerful and extensive libraries make it very popular.
For PL job ranking, SQL is No. 1 skill but to get proper jobs it must come with Java or C++ skill.
Java and the various C-like languages, however outweigh Python in their combined popularity for high-performance or resource-sensitive tasks where Python is slow.
Very specialized languages like R and Fortran are still very popular perhaps due to their hard to replace reputation in legacy systems.