Perceptual hashing isn't relevant here in any way that I can see. That step just doesn't need to be automated in any way.
You have the final image (your browser downloaded it to display the page). Their new tech allows you to acquire something that you can be cryptographically certain is the original image. You can then look at the two images, and judge for yourself whether they look similar enough. Where does perceptual hashing come into it?
ETA:
>Regarding your other comment, sure, such a manual system might be possible, but that relies on either Reuters publishing all of their unedited raw photos (which they probably won't) or a third party photo escrow service with all the rights to the Reuters originals. Neither seems likely.
No it doesn't -- they just need to provide those photos on demand. (If they don't, then their system is a hoax -- like giving someone a key that doesn't open any lock.) See my other comments in this thread.
>Reuters has a history of doctoring its photos: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters (photo controversy section)
Didn't read the link but based on another's reply comment, the added smoke is exactly the type of fraud that this new system will detect the first time anyone bothers to check that photo.