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It also found a a remarkable temperature gradient on the South Pole's surface. Even if the surface temperature is 60+ degree Celsius just 8 cm below the surface the temperature is -10 degree Celsius. (South Pole) Moon dust is a really good insulator.

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That (60 C) is far hotter than I would have guessed. I realize the moon doesn't have an atmosphere, but at the south pole the light should be tangent to the surface. Is the probe not actually at -90 degrees latitude, and was this measurement taken at noon?

It's 60 C colder than noon temps at the equator

The moon has a tilt so the amount of light at the poles can vary over time.

The moon is actually about the same albedo as asphalt. Gets hot in the sun.

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