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But the electric components are not standardized. You can buy e-systems from Bosch, Yamaha, Shimano, Fazua, Mahle, Stromer, Bafang et cetera and they all have different dimensions, different mounting holes, different communication protocols and different chargers. If you need a replacement part as a consumer, you have no choice but to buy the same part, which is usually quite costly because of lack of competition.

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The tech is still rapidly evolving though—I'm not sure it's realistic to expect standardisation here for a while.

Manufacturers are experimenting with form factors, perf-to-weight ratios, noise levels, weatherproofing, connectivity features, anti-theft mechanisms, ABS, etc.

Battery connectivity and charging is where I'd personally like to see more standardisation—even if there are obvious form factor challenges. Standardisation here could drive costs down, which would benefit the entire market. Maybe the EU should start leaning in this area.

Not sure why you think you're entitled to standardised parts across various manufacturers? When has that ever been the case for driveline components in vehicles more complicated than a standard pushbike?

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