I think the answer is more or less there in your question:

Speech? Do it freely.

Retaliation? Go to jail.

Of course there are huge caveats to these.

For instance, doxing is speech which I don't think should be protected ("Joe was was a member of the Nazi party and he lives at this address"). There's no debate or formulation of ideas in it. But if you said "All former Nazi party members should be deported". It's hateful but I think it should be protected: it's political, it's abstract, it can be debated.