The issue is speed. CSS has to be fast if we want to display pages quickly. An alternative I prefer is lesscss.org or sass-lang.com.
It makes no difference, these are proposal for constants so it's trivial substitution. Furthermore by avoiding repeating the same value over and over again CSS variables likely reduce the file's size.
Unless maybe you are living in the 80s and using a Spectrum 48k?
Speed. Christ.