Yes.
> Further study is warranted
Yes.
> What the study shows is that these chemicals have decidedly not shown to be safe and therefore ought not be used.
Absolutely not. And the fact that people think that kind of thing after reading sensationalized articles like this causes real problems.
This study detects an effect - and indeed, does so with statistical significance.
By definition, that seems like it can't be underpowered.
My stance has nothing to do with the study.
> In total, 16,150 individuals had ever been exposed. The hazard ratios did not indicate any excess risk of hyperthyroidism among those with contaminated water. For hypothyroidism, the risk of being prescribed medication was significantly increased among women with exposure during the mid part of the study period (but not men). However, the association with period of exposure was non-monotonic, so the significance is considered to be a chance finding. Our research was limited by the relatively simple exposure assessment.
The second one as well
> No association between serum PFAS and fecal zonulin was found. In conclusion, the present study found no consistent evidence to support PFAS exposure as a risk factor for IBD.
Because burning jet fuel in an enclosed interior ship space while hundreds of miles from land is a bigger and more immediate threat?
It makes sense to phase out dangerous chemicals wherever we can, but sometimes their use is a chemical imperative because there are no equivalent alternatives.
The X-37 reportedly uses hypergolic nitrogen-tetroxide + hydrazine fuel, which means everyone wears spacesuits around it on the ground. But it solves an engineering challenge that more mundane fuel mixes don't. Ergo, they use something toxic and dangerous.
If people of the past were as risk-averse as this we would still be living in caves.
> Absolutely not. And the fact that people think that kind of thing after reading sensationalized articles like this causes real problems.
Are you trying to say that this study did show these chemicals to be safe, or were they not shown to be safe? Believing the first would be a real problem.