yeah I don't like environment variables because it's all stringly typed and the lack of a thing you deserialize the config file into means that practically speaking, you can read the values from anywhere in a program; figuring out what's permittable in environment variables is very often a disorganized mess. .env files take all of the messiness of environment variables and then ... put them into a file, which is typically the thing that people who are using environment variables are trying to avoid, so ... I dunno, just use a configuration file imho, .env files are the worst of both worlds.