I'm pretty sure the blog author is referring to 2 hard panned synths, the sort of plucky one in the right and more smooth one on the left. There's also a 3rd more "nasal" synth voice in the center which is playing the same pattern with the high/low notes inverted except for the quicker 4 note run that happens on the 4th count of every bar, where it synchronizes again. I don't think it's octave effect, but it produces a similar result and all 3 synths seem to occupy their own separate frequency space while also sounding like one unit.
This article has a decent recreation of the left and right synths in Aerodynamic. It does not include the center sound though.
https://reverbmachine.com/blog/daft-punk-discovery-synth-sou...
There is no shephard tone running in the background, that's a phaser effect running over an otherwise plain pad playing chords.
You can hear from 2:52 to 2:55 it's descending and from 2:56 to 2:59 it's rising. Descending again at 3:00 to 3:03 and etc.
Here's a video of someone replicating that phaser fx tone very well. Though they use it in the guitar solo. Listen to the resonant sweep that seems to be in the background, it's a phaser on the guitar.
https://youtu.be/eN5LWM2b6co