In July 2023, Conflict Armament Research (CAR) investigators physically documented the remnants of two Geran-2 single-use uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) that Russian forces had deployed in Ukraine earlier that month. Through a detailed analysis of their design characteristics and key components—in comparison with UAVs previously documented in Ukraine—CAR assesses that the Russian Federation has started producing and fielding its own domestic version of the Shahed-136.