> I don't think this is protectionism, but rather that EU companies fare better than US companies in environments with historically strong privacy laws, precisely because they are subject to these regulations from day 1.

Here is a quote from an MEP who helped design the EU DMA on deciding who counts as a gatekeeper:

"Let’s focus first on the biggest problems, on the biggest bottlenecks. Let’s go down the line—one, two, three, four, five—and maybe six with Alibaba. But let’s not start with number seven to include a European gatekeeper just to please Biden.”

It is hard for me to read that as suggesting anything but strongly protectionist motivations.

> A ToS is a contract, and contracts can violate the law. Nothing surprising here.

I don't disagree, merely with the suggestion that the regulatory framework the EU has set up, which is still actively being worked out in a patchwork of procedural decisions up until literally today, is as clear-cut as the US prohibition on bribery in the FCPA.