It's likely resulted in many deaths. When my friend worked ER, any time Epic went down, they simply switched back to paper forms, the ER waiting room would empty within a few hours. EPIC is, in my opinion, a large fraction of why ER waiting rooms are always full these days.
Between Epic and HIPPA privacy rule[1], the effectiveness of emergency care in the US can only spiral downward. You're forced to slow down(because of EPIC) and fill out a bunch of online forms before you can let a patient go, filling the ER.
Then you're not allowed to follow up on patients and complete the feedback loop of care, because they're no longer an ER patient, and you're not allowed to inquire any more.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_Insurance_Portability_a...