However that's somewhat misleading, the "productivity" does NOT mean physics-style efficiency of human effort to create value and fight entropy... No, it's based on what employers had to spend. So slaves that only produce a quarter as much per day are technically "more productive."
This matters because employers that require unnecessary time/fuel for commutes typically don't pay for it. Out of tradition and negotiating-power, those costs are usually shoved off onto employees and are not being tracked.
If commuting to the office was compensated, the "productivity" differences with work-from-home would be dramatically flipped.
[0] Example: https://fortune.com/2023/07/06/remote-workers-less-productiv...