SQLite is also working on a high-performance HC-tree backend that locks rows, instead of pages or databases. In their preliminary (extremely proof-of-concept!) benchmarks, it significantly outperforms BEGIN CONCURRENT + WAL2. Write performance scales linearly until the memory bus is saturated.
https://sqlite.org/hctree/doc/hctree/doc/hctree/index.html
Discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34434025