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If you mean raster images that look like vector and contain arbitrary text and shapes, controlnets/T2I adapters do work for this. You could train your custom controlnet for this, too. (it requires understanding)

As for directly generating vector images, there's nothing yet. Your best bet is generating vector-looking raster and tracing it.

There are SD models tunes for vector like raster output. And XL has specifically focused on this use case as one of the improvements. Try SDXL 1 on Clipdrop or Dreamstudio.

A lot of people are having success by adding extra networks (lora is the most common) which are trained on the type of image you're looking for. It's still a raster image, of course, but you can produce images which look very much like rasterizations of vector images, which you can then translate back into SVGs in Inkscape or similar.