I'm always surprised by the diminutive and inaccurate view of the US that I see on HN. This is, of course, EXACTLY the same in the US and elsewhere. The OP was asking specifically about CC processing.
> they are all essentially the same when it comes to functionality and pricing because they are the middlemen between you and visa/mastercard/... and not much else
Which is false, as there are many payment providers using fixed cost models and not touching the CC networks. And in a lot of countries this is the main method of online payments instead of credit cards.
I would not say it is exactly the same as in the US.
[1]: https://www.thuiswinkel.org/media/oyhhmgvy/infographic_thuis...
What I just described is also what Visa and Mastercard are.
While the graphic might be nice marketing for Ideal, I wouldn't categorize it as separate from debit/credit card.