Flight computers predated Apollo- they were originally developed for missles. most of the folks who worked on the AGC had previously developed very successful flight computers already.
Also – billions? Seems like an overreach.
The modern process was invented in 1890, and used extensively in WW2.
Might as well not send any boats out to find new continent, they will be discovered anyway!
We have far more real technology today than we would have, all thanks to us moving some made up money around 60 years ago...
> Don't bother doing something because it will be done eventually anyway.
If it was "basically a photo-op" it wouldn't have generated so much economic activity in the long run, even if perhaps it wasn't the most cost effective way to get there (in some eyes)?
Because not spending that dollar on putting a guy on the moon could have generated 20 dollars elsewhere.
This is why historians are leery of counter-factuals; unless you have very strong evidence that it would have happened, you have nothing but a "could have" hypothesis.
Companies certainly innovate, but the government innovates a _lot_ (primarily through research grants which are eventually developed into products by entrepreneurs as far as I can tell, also the military).
They were extraordinary customers — willing to fund R&D, patient with bad results but extremely demanding. Without them, I suspect we'd be at least one to two decades behind in your computing timeline. Given how many lives these machines save on a daily basis... it's not hard to do the math.
"basically a photo op" is such a strange way to think of that.