Kunga: Ancient Mesopotamians created the world’s first hybrid animal
bigthink.com
bigthink.com
...at which I thought "oh great, so the Mesopotamians invented the mule" - but apparently the Kunga is distinct because it's a cross between a donkey and a Syrian wild ass (according to Wikipedia "the smallest equine, and it could not be domesticated" - which probably explains why it survived until the 19th century, but then went extinct).
Earliest that is known, that is.
Hybrid animals occur in nature pretty often (e.g. most humans are human + neanderthal), and sometimes produce new species, like the wisent (aurochs + steppe bison): https://theconversation.com/how-we-discovered-the-higgs-biso...
Of course. the article being discussed is about this new found insight about this being the earliest known example.
> Among archeologists, the kunga is known as one of humanity’s first beasts of burden. Now, DNA research suggests that this striking equid may have also been the earliest human-made hybrid animal.
The onagers a.k.a. hemiones live in Western Asia, extending to the west until the Northern Arabian peninsula.
The territories of the wild donkeys and of the onagers a.k.a. hemiones did not overlap, so they never encountered each other in the wild.
The geographical separation is why they have evolved into different species, because they share a more recent common ancestor than with the horses.
The wild horses lived in Europe and in Central Asia, even farther from the places where wild donkeys lived.
These hybrids must have been obtained by intentional interbreeding, but the initial idea could have arisen by watching a male wild onager trying his luck with some female domestic donkeys, when they were not closely guarded. Such males are certainly not very selective when sensing females in estrus.
We have records about these "kunga" hybrids that are much older than anything we know about the Nabataeans.
The skills for breeding horses in this region could have been inherited from older traditions of breeding donkeys and donkey hybrids.
I don’t think we have much of a history until other cultures wrote about them.
I feel like their history ends with Petra. I had the good fortune to walk around Jordan using their trade routes. They are pre history.