- Genocide against the people who lived in America
- Bring India to its knees, from one of the richest to one of the most impoverished nations in the world
- Addict China to opium
- Irish potato famine
I'd talk about Africa, but that's a lot more diverse. A lot of England's current wealth came by theft, rape, and murder. If you're living in London, both your social infrastructure and your housing prices are powered by blood money from the British Empire. If you moved to London from Algeria (and I intentionally picked a non-British colony), your children are benefiting from schools funded by interest on investments from blood.
From a policy perspective, things get very nuanced. I'd like to right historical wrongs, but I don't feel good about guilt-by-descent. If your grandparents did something bad, that shouldn't count against you. If you have stolen money and goods, they should be returned. On the other hand, simply living in London shouldn't lead to any policy consequences (and things get especially complex with e.g. Indian or African immigrants, escaping parts of the world devastated by the British).
But I wasn't talking about policy, but whom I'd feel bad for. From an emotional perspective, things are simpler:
- English museums have relics plundered from India, Nigeria, etc.
- They believe they have a moral right to other culture's most prized relics, and won't return them.
Scotland was never imperial, and has had a mixed history with England.
And building even more on the emotional component, I haven't been there a lot, but the way I was treated in Scotland was very different from how I was treated in England. I have wonderful memories from one of those visits, and bad memories from the other. As much as I've only been there briefly, I just really /like/ Scotland.