venv == virtualenv
virtualenvwrapper is ancient not rly used anymore
pyenv is a third party tool that makes some of this easier, notably around creating more than just a virtual env in that you also choose the Python version.
Python is not hard to deal with in this regard I think people are just uninformed.
pip install
pip install -u
sudo pip install
conda install
sudo conda install
some packages require one, are fine with other with few small warnings, and dont work with third way of installing.
I don’t know the -u flag on pip, never used it can’t find it in the docs.
With a virtual environment sudo is not needed. Assuming you created it, and/or it is owned by you.
Virtual environments are just directories on disk. They are not complex.
I don’t use conda because it’s never felt even remotely necessary to me.
pip and a requirements file is all you need.
how about when you are authoring script under your name, but then want to schedule it for cron to run periodically?
I often find myself working under my user on remote server, but then I want to schedule cron job - and run into all sorts of permissions / bugs and missing packages.
especially when multiple machines need to run this script, and I don't want to involve containers to run 20-lines simple python script.
this is why Golang is so popular - you can just scp a single binary across machines and it will just work.
1. pip install (with/out --user flag )
2. pip3 install (with/out --user flag )
3. sudo pip install
4. sudo pip3 install
5. conda install
6. sudo conda install
The literal only thing you need to understand is “sys.path”. If you inspect this in a shell you will know what you’re up against. Python is all literally just directories. It’s so easy and yet people get so bent out of shape over it.
Create a venv, activate it, and use pip as normal. If you ever run into issues, look at sys.path. That’s it.
And few things have changed since then.
And you can disagree all you want, but it's simply wrong that Python's packaging/venv ecosystem is "just fine".
Is it because people have to use venvs that people complain about it?
I’ll admit being able to install via an OS package manager, vs pip, vs anaconda etc etc can be confusing, but is any of that really Python (the language)’s fault?