The main thing holding back Mastodon is the lack of quote retweet functionality. Without it, Mastodon is useless for the journalism and activism that made Twitter popular. Unfortunately, there is little hope this will change as Mastodon’s developers stubbornly and arrogantly refuse to implement it.
Frankly, I don’t think it would make a difference at this point. Mastodon has had a year to prove it can be a replacement for Twitter and it has failed terribly. I don’t think it can overcome the negative first impressions left by it’s obnoxious user experience. Like who’s bright idea was it to purposefully leave the official Mastodon app feature incomplete?