Whole-brain connectome of the fruit fly
codex.flywire.ai
codex.flywire.ai
* Fruit Fly Brain Observatory https://www.fruitflybrain.org/#/posts/explore_ffbo which lets you visualize and explore datasets
* Neurokernel http://neurokernel.github.io/ - open source software which "aims to build an open software platform for the emulation of the entire brain of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster on multiple Graphics Processing Units (GPUs)." See also: http://www.bionet.ee.columbia.edu/projects/neurokernel
The recent work being published on this is pretty wild:
* https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7614541/ (summaries: https://www.spectrumnews.org/news/wiring-map-reveals-how-lar... and https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/complet...)
Oh, and just in case people haven't read this, I'll just drop this short story from a few years ago Lena (MMacevedo): https://qntm.org/mmacevedo - like with AI, I think science fact will be rapidly catching up w/ fiction soon.
Some things that may be commonplace understanding in the neuroscience community but that I found interesting:
- speculation that deep recurrence in the learning center is a mechanism for working memory, and allows for multiple high-level cognitive processes to occur simultaneously
- the description of how a variety of neurons in the learning center categorize stimuli, a different group controls the learned value of inputs (valence?), and then another group integrates the valences of both the learned and innate neuron groups for the given stimulus category
Oh, and that most of the neurons were engaged in multi-modal activity
A question from a layman: what is a “signal” in the context of a neuron? Is it discrete binary ON/OFF, or is it discrete with multiple levels, or is it fully analog? Do we know the “encoding” of the signals? What do they represent?
Comparatively, the human visual processing system is truly astonishing and I am grateful for it.
Takes raw input and builds up a 3D world of objects and color. We're not looking through a window into reality, but building up a version of it inside our heads.
Skimming a text varies from high to moderate fidelity some days.
I don't think the complexity of the tasks are very comparable.
In fact, put a self driving car inside an actual jungle and it would do worse than a fruit-fly inside one of our "concrete" jungles.
Or maybe I can apply fruit fly Roko’s Basilisk and threaten to simulate fruit fly brains in agony if the flies don’t leave me alone on the theory that since I am able to simulate a fruit fly brain I am fly basilisk?
This seems like next step up in complexity, so wondering how far they are along having the 'brain map' execute.
https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/mHqQxwKuzZS69CXX5/whole-brai...
They say the holdup is that they lack a way to read the weights and thresholds of the neurons.
So they have the network structure, but not the weights. It says that there isn’t enough interest in funding research on a method to read the weights either. That’s really surprising. This method could unlock some crazy cool science.
Would you run tests on a cat connectome? A human’s? Yours?
If, hypothetically, it were possible to do a QFT simulation of an entire human, but where no true randomness was used in the simulation program, only a cryptographically secure (relative to an adversary with even more compute than the beyond-astronomical amount of compute used by the simulation) random number generator (and therefore fully deterministic),
you think that that would have less of a claim to having internal experience, than a simulation of a fruit fly brain connected to a true RNG?
This seems implausible to me.
If accurate simulation of a quatum system was possible within a deterministic 01 machine, we would have to declare that this is a dead world: a giant calculator that's moving gears in a deterministic manner.
A fruit fly does have internal experience, but its brains are based on a continuous system. With a deterministic machine we can approximate that continuous system with arbitrary, but finite, accuracy, and that approximation will be a dead calculator. Our computing paradigm - a deterministic turing machine - is simply unfit for replicating a continuous system, even though it can approximate it with sufficient (for science) precision. And yes, I believe that a quantum computer will be able to replicate a fruit fly well enough that we'll have to call that rwplica alive.
Edit. And let me address another dogma. A fruit fly, or a 10 neuron worm, doesn't exist in isolation like it's pictured in imagination of many computer scientists. The wave function is one for all particles, they all evolve as one intermingled system, so the moment you somehow isolate a fruit fly to make simulation tractable, it loses a good deal of what makes it a true fruit fly.
Can't you conceive of a deterministic universe in which you have internal experience just like you do now? What specifically makes those two things mutually exclusive in your opinion?
This problem with determinism has a theological angle (I've warned you). The so called "fallen angel" believed that consciousness can exist in deterministic worlds, and he had an impressive design of such a place. That world was created, but his vision never materialised: his mind was vast enough to imagine such a world, but not enough to see its subtle deficiency.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/see-the-first-comp...
good to see it got some more attention.
By synthetic I mean a fly that doesn't die and that can be reproduced again.
Is it known how much individual variation there is between different roundworm brains? If you grow two roundworms, even from the same DNA, does the resulting brain have all the same wiring, or is it different based on environmental factors?
I ask because I thought that brain growth involves a feedback loop, where individual experiences during maturation influence the actual physical structure of the brain to some degree.
But you can see why this makes the worm the best first organism to decipher the full neural network in. In my opinion not enough people are working on this. There are maybe 5 labs that are working on this topic at this moment!
Building not even an organism but at least a brain in vitro is impossible in any observable future even for C.Elegance, nothing to say about a fruit fly.
We can not even build a working model of Solar System with ability to Rev/FF in at least a 1000 years and you are talking about one of the most complicated things in Universe.
I think we're still a long way from designing an organism from scratch though, as opposed to "editing" an existing one.
I'm sorry but this is where you lost me. We should be democratising utility credits, not selling them.
If you have 100 UC, the only way those credits could have been minted is through 100 hours of 1 million simulated fruit flies having the time of their life.
Aren't they disadvantaged enough??
Given the potential for freeing up much needed beds, I think this is debatable
I think you need some NFTs.
And if you build them on a proof of work system you even increase the demand for carbon credits. It becomes a wonderfully self-sustaining and robust ecosystem unlike that pesky delicate one in the amazon getting in the way of good farmland.
NeuroNFT is a platform that uses blockchain technology to generate and trade NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens) based on the whole brain connectome of the fruit fly.
The core of the platform is a detailed, dynamic model of the fruit fly's brain connectome, mapped with high precision using cutting-edge neuroimaging techniques. Each unique connectome can be tokenized into an NFT and owned by an individual.
These NFTs aren't just pieces of digital art. By leveraging advanced machine learning algorithms and computational models, each NFT can act as a 'brain' for a virtual fruit fly in a digital environment, offering different behavioral patterns based on the unique neuronal configuration represented in the NFT.
This platform serves as a bridge between the worlds of neuroscience, blockchain, and digital art. It provides a novel way for users to learn about neuroscience, while also offering a unique, scientifically rooted form of digital collectible. Moreover, it paves the way for groundbreaking research in understanding brain dynamics and behavior, with users' interactions with their NFTs contributing valuable data to the field.
https://twitter.com/amasad/status/1675393593953878016
Utilitarians: what's stopping you from spinning up a 1M H100 cluster and putting these fruit flies in an infinite state of orgasmic bliss?
I work with many well known state and local governments that have programmed which pay people not to steal and commit acts of violence. The idea is that every person who's not actively hurting someone should earn financial rewards. People with a proven track record of hurting people get higher rewards.
We've been trying to figure out a way to charge the general public for these positive externalities and I think you're on to something.