The current, very low RDA of 400-800 IU is based on a statistical error in the analysis done by the Institute of Medicine back in the 1960s; see "The Big Vitamin D Mistake" [1].
Finnish researchers have determined that the previously recommended serum concentration of 50 nmol/L should probably be adjusted much higher, probably closer to 100 nmol/L, at the very least to 70 nmol/L. For adults, especially those living in the higher latitudes, that requires around 8,000-10,000 IU per day.
Nobody has done more research on vitamin D than the Finns. Back when the low RDA was adopted (pretty much worldwide), Finland saw an increasing rate of rickets and type 1 diabetes. After they started fortifying milk with vitamin D in the early 2000s, rates have fallen significantly.
[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5541280/