The current Israel-Palestine conflict is actually less than 100 years old. The Israelis and Palestinians weren't fighting under the Ottomans, which lasted over 400 years.
Mutual dislike and occasional violence was already there under the Ottomans, once substantial Jewish immigration to Palestine began in late 19th century.
Think the reference is to the claims and counterclaims to Palestinian lands which go back thousands of years.
if you're going to go back thousands of years, you're going to have to talk about Jewish lands again.