I strongly disagree with this view, not so much the emergent part, but rather that "any sufficiently powerful cognitive system" can gain consciousness. To me, it suggests that consciousness is magic, because it doesn't matter how information is organized and stored, it doesn't matter how information is processed, consciousness will be able to emerge miraculously from even the most disorganized chaotic mess of information processing. This view has come up a lot recently, because it's the only explanation that allows for AI to be sentient, AI models which are just software running on computers.

However, the brain is highly organized, wherein the various types of sensory input are fed into specific regions of the brain which specialize in processing that type of input. Many areas of the brain have topographical structures which are reminiscent of the type of sensory input they process. This is evident in Retinotopy for visual inputs and Tonotopy for auditory inputs. You will not find such topographical structures in a computer.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinotopy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonotopy

You have to ask the questions, why do we have meaningful conscious experience that is sensible, coherent, and well formed? And why is consciousness not random chaotic nonsense? Because the brain has had hundreds of millions of years to evolve to process sensory input such that it yields a sensible conscious experience. This simply isn't true of any technology today.

On the other hand, experiment with psychedelic drugs and see how crazy your conscious experience can be. The fact that our day to day experiences aren't like that is significant and evident that the brain evolved to process sensory input for conscious experience.