Most universities have studen license servers for Matlab afaik. And, Matlab is really really, annoyingly powerful. You've got almost anything to try your ideas, implement an academic paper. But, it is slow (execution time).
Prototype with Matlab, implement with C++. That's what I usually prefer. I am not a Python expert, just learning it. but I think it will be slower than C, and less powerful than Matlab, from my perspective of working.