It's pretty common to define "higher-order" functions in functional programming. These will sometimes be applied to code blocks.

For example, Python's with statement could have been entirely programmed as a library function if lambas supported code blocks:

    with(open("file.txt"), lambda f:
        content = f.read()
        return sum(int(c) for c in content.split(" "))
    )

Functional languages usually have a pretty limited "core" and implement most of their features through their standard library, usually using higher-order functions, overloaded operators ...