I do understand why Haskell is a niche language.
I do understand why Scala has fallen out of fashion.
C++ is more complex than any IT-related technology I ever saw. It was destined to fall. But it did not.
Every language which attempted to compete with C++ did so with automatic memory management or other features which were bad for performance. If the goal is to kill C++, they made the wrong tradeoffs and introduced anti-features from a C++ pov. Only recently have we gotten languages which actually compete with C++ on this level like Rust, Zig, Odin, etc.
It's also because it extend C, and C is the linga-franca of programming.
C/C++ will always be around no matter how hard replacements are thrown at it. C++ is the Grand Canyon and attempts to dethrone it from what it does best are mere rainstorms adding to a river at the bottom of the canyon, maybe one day but that day is not close.
C/C++ work well together and this made them win along with the power and timing of coming about in the application age.
You are bound to find _something_ that works for your usecase in there.
This is also why it's fast. You are not required to use any particular thing.
Got them reversed?
The people that think Rust is 'the next C++' are delusional. The next C++ will be backward compatible with C++.
It also remains to be seen if it'll work. A lot of people don't trust Google and languages take a long time to build.