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The fall of the Roman Empire basically allowed the Islamic Empire to exist. Even if Muhammad had arisen while the Roman Empire still existed he would have been limited to the greater part of the Arabic peninsula.

https://imgur.com/bHLF70L

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Perhaps I can interest you in this map of the Roman Empire from 565AD, sixty years before the Muslim conquests:

https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:4KJUSTINIAN.png

Very nice. The Romans were no longer dividing Iraq in half, thus severing Persia from Arabia.

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