You can't get to those positions without speaking smoothly and spinning situations. Unless you are completely incompetent you can always find a way out, when given a chance to do so. Being given the chance is a result of how good you are at forging relationships.
You probably signed an agreement to allow audio and visual recording. This is usually for the company to CYA to allow video conferencing but also for more nefarious reasons like you said. If you signed an agreement for audio recording (almost every Fortune 500 requires this), then assume your mic is always hot and that you cannot control when it records
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiscriminate_monitoring
The right to privacy in the constitution is most explicitly mentioned in Amendment I, Amendment III, and Amendment IV of the U.S. Constitution. The privacy of belief, privacy of home, and privacy of the person and possessions is included in the U.S. Constitution.[19]
Further reading: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_privacy
In regards to my comment about contracts, I have seen several contacts where employers think they can negate laws by adding clauses to their contracts. I am sure you have seen some of these these clauses, such as non-compete clauses. I know this is still legal in some states, but it isn't here, and adding such a clause is not enforceable.
“No, our suite detects nudity and automatically deletes related imagery.”
You see, its not really about having an airtight case to win a billion dollar settlement. It's about being able to bluster your way out of a situation that's trying to be used against you.