As an extremely experienced dev with a ton of Intel assembly experience, I'll confess I have no earthly idea what this is, what it does, who needs it, or what inspired it. Any good pointers to tutorials or introductory material?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_checking
Three of the pioneers of model checking won the Turing Award back in the noughties:
https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/clarke_1167964.cfm
https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/emerson_1671460.cfm
https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/sifakis_1701095.cfm
Z3 is an amazing theorem prover, bordering on magic.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z3_Theorem_Prover
Theorem proving is often used in model checking.
This guy's code produces Z3 theorems for a subset of the x86 instructions. By theorems, I mean "mathematical statements about how they work".
They can be combined so that a small(ish?) piece of x86 code can be turned into a model, which Z3 can prove (or disprove) statements about.
This is very useful for proving a piece of code right or wrong.
Model checking used to require a phd -- now it just requires a bit of effort and "mathematical maturity". We have come a long way towards making it a generally available tool for all/most programmers but there is still a long way to go.
So, if your proof is correct, and your description of the (language/CPU) is correct, you can prove the code does what you think it does.
Formal proof systems are still growing up, though, and they are still pretty hard to use. See Coq for an introduction: https://coq.inria.fr/