We used to call that “profit”.
As a measurement over time at how well a business is performing this used to be the standard measurement but it seems to have been supplanted by other measures such as wealth inequity and twitter mob ragefests.
I would argue that an above average CEO has a negligible effect on the company and an average one actively damages the company. The good ones make the decisions that everyone copies shortly after. We could probably replace >90% of them with AI and be better off.
Capitalists talk a lot about the power of marketplaces, but internally companies are little feudal empires with ongoing wars of succession. And as The Economist points out, actual marketplace competition is in decline, so there's little in the way of external checks. Especially given that CEO tenure has dropped dramatically, meaning that the correlation between CEO pay and CEO value delivery has also dropped.