MSG is the most misunderstood ingredient of the century. That’s finally changing
cnn.com
cnn.com
Glutamate–glutamine cycle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate%E2%80%93glutamine_cy...
"Multiple Mechanistically Distinct Modes of Endoc annabinoid Mobilization at Central Amygdala Glutamatergic Synapses" (2014) https://www.cell.com/neuron/fulltext/S0896-6273(14)00017-8
Glutamine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamine :
> Glutamine is synthesized by the enzyme glutamine synthetase from glutamate and ammonia. The most relevant glutamine-producing tissue is the muscle mass, accounting for about 90% of all glutamine synthesized. Glutamine is also released, in small amounts, by the lungs and brain. [20] Although the liver is capable of relevant glutamine synthesis, its role in glutamine metabolism is more regulatory than producing, since the liver takes up large amounts of glutamine derived from the gut. [7]
"Glutamine-to-glutamate ratio in the nucleus accumbens predicts effort-based motivated performance in humans" (2020) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41386-020-0760-6
> High glutamine-to-glutamate ratio predicts the ability to sustain motivation: The researchers found that individuals with a higher glutamine-to-glutamate ratio had a higher success rate and a lower perception of effort. https://neuroscienceschool.com/2020/10/11/how-to-sustain-mot...
/? lactic acid atp: https://www.google.com/search?q=lactic+acid+atp
- "What is lactic acid?" https://www.livescience.com/what-is-lactic-acid
> Although blood lactate concentration does increase during intense exercise, the lactic acid molecule itself dissociates and the lactate is recycled and used to create more ATP.
> "Your body naturally metabolizes the lactic acid, clearing it out. The liver can take up some of the lactic acid molecules and convert them back to glucose for fuel," says Grover. "This conversion also reduces the acidity in the blood, thus removing some of the burning sensation. This is a natural process that occurs in the body. Things such as stretching, rolling, or walking will have little to no impact."
> The burning sensation you feel in your legs during a heavy workout probably isn't caused by lactic acid, but instead by tissue damage and inflammation.
> It’s also important to remember that lactate itself isn’t 'bad'. In fact, research in [Bioscience Horizons] suggests that lactate is beneficial to the body during and after exercise in numerous ways. For example, lactate can be used directly by the brain and heart for energy or converted into glucose in the liver or kidneys, which can then be used by nearly any cell in the body for energy.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Kentucky/U... :
> Lactic Acid Fermentation: You may have not been aware that your muscle cells can ferment. Fermentation is the process of producing ATP in the absence of oxygen, through glycolysis alone. Recall that glycolysis breaks a glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, producing a net gain of two ATP and two NADH molecules. Lactic acid fermentation is the type of anaerobic respiration carried out by yogurt bacteria (Lactobacillus and others) and by your own muscle cells when you work them hard and fast.
Is that relevant to cancer and oxygen, IDK.
Hopefully NIRS + ultrasound ("HIFU" & modern waveguides) can inexpensively treat many more forms of cancer.
From https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35812168 :
> https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35617859 ... "A simple technique to overcome self-focusing, filamentation, supercontinuum generation, aberrations, depth dependence and waveguide interface roughness using fs laser processing" [w/ Dual Beams]