If as a board you unduly punish executives when bets they make don't pan out, you risk causing a culture of fear that prevents innovation and big bets.
Obviously there's a limit, and the reasoning is important behind the bets.
That being said it's not like all of the tech ceos were perfectly competent - that's not what I'm saying. But the knee-jerk "well, fire them too" reaction from the internet is mostly an emotional response.
People are paid based on opportunity cost. Executives are paid very highly because the cost of them making a poor decision, or not making a good decision, is very high. Meanwhile, the cost of hiring me and me not performing to expectations is low. It's not because they're God's or anything. The supply of people with leadership experience is also definitionally low.
Of course there's a lot of old boys club in executive roles in reality but that's the boards and shareholders problem when they do a bad job.
And under-hiring today because your crystal ball says market conditions will deteriorate in the future is also not always the best course of action.
The myriad causes which lead Intel to this point exist at many levels from individual, corporate, competitive, and macroeconomic.
It’s overly reductive to assume a layoff is due to some mistake, that a layoff is due to over-hiring, or that a layoff’s root cause is the executives who mapped out a past hiring plan.
For starters, the hiring plan will be based on revenue projections which will be based on technical market analysis overlaid with a technical roadmap. This is a distributed effort and major analysis at the level of a corporation like Intel spread across potentially dozens of business units. The hiring plan could easily have been “perfect” based on faulty product roadmaps / product performance projections or any number of other factors.