Apparently the Japanese believe that they can have their cake and eat it too. The striking thing is that a majority are concerned about China, but also a majority are against additional taxes to pay for increased defense expenditures.
It makes sense to me, there is nothing that any Japan sized military force could do to deter a China sized one, the only lever they can pull is diplomacy and economic pressure. I can also see why Japanese citizens would not want to spend more on a military force to fight in a conflict over Taiwan.
Why pay higher taxes when you can just live under the US umbrella.