I don't think any of those things you mentioned, aside from the Supreme Court, are inherently part of the 'system', and I don't think the design of the US democratic system is inherently corrupt - in fact, most of the rules in place were designed with the intent of discouraging the inevitable corruption.

Individual problems can be attacked without dismantling the whole thing. Gerrymandering, especially, seems like it could have an outsized effect on the error rates of some elections.