The bid/ask spread is too wide on precious metals to be useful as a transactional currency. I guess in a true societal collapse-type emergency maybe it'll be useful, but at that point canned food, guns, and ammo might be more valuable.
* 2 weeks supply of food, water, heat, and cash * 2 months supply of similar but in longer-term forms (often precious metals go here; ones that are "well known" are the best, like junk silver)
Beyond that it's up to personal discretion and location, but the two week rule is a good one, in my opinion. 90% of "hiccups" are done in two weeks.