I don't recall having studying the A* algorithm before, so I first looked it up on Wikipedia for a few minutes, and then came back to the comments. It's worth me saying that 30 seconds of reading your comment and linked gist did more to aid my comprehension than a few minutes looking through the Wikipedia article.
This is the case because you described the algorithm in terms of building blocks I was already familiar with. It's a depth-first search with a weighted queue; as you say, pretty obvious! But it wasn't immediately obvious from the Wikipedia article, because Wikipedia articles are designed to impart information, not necessarily to teach.
If the poster was taught by a professor who was teaching more like the Wikipedia article (and I've known a lot of lecturers who do this!), I can understand the confusion.