I can only tell you what works for me. My note-taking varies based on multiple parameters.
The first is the nature of my work on the project. My strategy is different if I am a project leader or individual contributor. If IC, then I only take notes on actions I need to take, supporting data that will help me take those actions, things I am waiting on from others, upcoming events, or interesting asides I want to think about later.
If I am in a leadership role, then unfortunately I need to take more notes. I need to keep track of all of those things I mentioned above, but for everyone — minus the asides.
But I do not take verbatim notes about what people say in either case.
If you’re in a semi hostile environment then you probably want more detailed notes as a CYA measure. But the real solution there is to get out of that situation — I know, easier said than done.
If you’re working with people that have proven themselves unreliable in the past, then you may want more detailed notes specifically about their interactions. But for people with a history of getting the job done, you need less detail.
Honestly it sounds like you may be trying to take too many notes. Important questions to answer for yourself are: 1) how does this meeting help me do my job? 2) what specific information in this meeting is going to help me do that?
You’re probably not a court stenographer. Take only the notes that help you do your job. If you need more detailed notes, then consider a technological solution. If you’re on a call, some meeting software enables recording (and notifies all the participants that that is the case, which I think is important from a privacy perspective).
In any case, I try to minimize the amount of notes that I take. Each one pulls me out of the moment and increases the chance I’ll miss something important. I also take notes with a pen and paper. And I review notes at the end of a meeting and augment them after the fact when necessary. Finally, I “import” them into my personal project management system to ensure I am tracking all the actions, waiting-fors, and calendar events.