Trains are also much safer, more energy efficient and have lower TCO than a car fleet with similar capacity.

> frequently travel at a fraction of their capacity.

The average occupancy of a car with 5 seats is only marginally above 1. So, 20-25%? The average occupancy of a European streetcar is far above that.

> Properly sized and routed electric vehicles are much more efficient in terms of cost per mile, travel time, and almost any other metric.

Just as much as you can optimize those factors in electric cars can you optimize them in trains/trams/buses/...