These are VPSs. You can SSH, use the root user, and when setting up you can choose what OS to use, they give a list or iirc they let you upload your own ISO.
I'm currently running Ubuntu but am open to alternatives. My local Raspberry Pi uses a fun, but little maintained OS called Hypriot which is just this: Start Docker and not much more.
Maintained, light on logging unless you ask for it (saves your SD card from wear and tear), and focused on low host-os resource usage while still being Debian-based.
If you're serious about running _everything_ in containers, then maybe RHEL Edge? RHEL + microshift? Fedora Silverblue? openSUSE MicroOS?