There's a bunch of factors at play with LadyBird.
First, kling worked on WebKit so he's familiar with browser arch already. Fun fact: the AK library in SerenityOS is basically a reimplementation of the WTF library in WebKit (though it's evolved a lot since then). :)
Second, web standards have come a long way since the early days of browsers. If you read through the LadyBird code lots of it is spec language converted to code. That's a testament to the huge amount of work that's gone into web standards in the past 10 years.
Third, the web is designed around the idea that not every browser supports every API and that things should mostly degrade gracefully. So lots of sites probably fall back to slower paths or feature emulation in LadyBird, or just don't render the advanced effects. That's part of the power of the web.
Fourth, the LadyBird browser doesn't try very hard to be fast. Ex. getElementById is O(n):
https://github.com/SerenityOS/serenity/blob/f532f9d27935f508...
Similarly LibJS doesn't JIT. Lots of effort in modern browsers is about speed.
Fifth, LadyBird doesn't implement a lot of the modern web. There's stubs for a bunch of APIs:
https://github.com/SerenityOS/serenity/blob/f532f9d27935f508...
https://github.com/SerenityOS/serenity/blob/f532f9d27935f508...
None of that is to negate how awesome SerenityOS and LadyBird are though, I'm a huge fan.