Here's a classic for you, one of the early incidents which lead to this kind of regulation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1858_Bradford_sweets_poisoning
Here's some more contemporary links:
https://food.ec.europa.eu/safety/food-improvement-agents/add...
https://food.ec.europa.eu/safety/food-improvement-agents/fla...
Which includes an answer to your question: "The procedure for authorisation of a flavouring substance is common to the one established for food additives and enzymes under Regulation (EC) No 1331/2008."
>Are you seriously confused why governments regulate what can be put in food and sold to the public?
Are these the same regulators that allowed Olestra to be used? sidebar--just to check the spelling of Olestra, I used the Mac's force click dictionary access: "Origin 1980s: from (p)ol(y)est(e)r + the suffix -a." WTF? Seriously? We dropped some letters from polyester and called it food ingredient?
Yeah, sounds like some "regulations will save us" doesn't work as expected.
I don't see how said regulation would have helped in this case, the shop owner simply mistook fake sugar for arsenic, it's not like he decided to sell arsenic-flavored candies.
(He didn't mix up the sugar with arsenic. He mixed up the gypsum.)
Then you're free to do so if you aren't putting artificial sweeteners in them.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_Directive_91/71/EEC