Why the Myers-Briggs test is meaningless
vox.com
vox.com
Introversion is not a diagnosis. You can be extroverted during meetings and introverted at your desk. If you 'lean introvert', it means you could work on exercising your extrovert muscle. It goes the same for the other way. Learning how to be introverted at the right time is a benefit to all extroverts.
The danger with MBTI is in making you think these are medical diagnoses and you're trapped being one thing or the other. I've worked with people who think they are extroverts and read books like "How To Work With Introverts." These people are dangerous. So are employers that want to know your type. They will limit your career growth depending on their prejudices. This is no different than you career suffering because you aren't a Pisces.
E.g what if an employee was classified as low agreeableness, high neuroticism, low conscientiousness, etc etc? Liability issues abound if that was used for hiring/promotion purposes. That's not even getting into IQ...
Research has suggested that the brains of people identified with higher or lesser degrees of extraversion do function differently.
You are correct that behavior does not derive deterministically from personality. Anecdotally, I agree that MTBI has been used as an excuse to refrain from developing beneficial social skills and behaviors.
This is an extremely weak statement. You can find any difference in the brain if you look hard enough. The brain is an extremely dynamic system and our measurements are full of noise. And even you are able to fully account for the noise in measurements you can easily be measuring something different than you think you are.
> You are correct that behavior does not derive deterministically from personality.
This should be a failing grade of personality psychology. What is the point of measuring personality if you cant find any behavior associated with it? At this point personality psychology is nothing more than metaphysics and has no place in modern science.
Not 100% bs, but exactly the same as a lot of “best practices” in tech. They’re there for the IP holders of the brand they create with it.
Sell a catchy concept/name, license out the name, verification which experts every 2 years, or certified training courses, charge more for that. Etc
For example, one team I was on adopted a meeting agenda before our weekly meetings (the Amazon "6-pager" idea), ostensibly because of the prevalence of IxxJ personality types on the team, and it helped several people become more open.
As I understand it, there are now better personality inventories and processes for this, but Myers-Briggs was the OG.
Just stop, accept that it is bogus and don't do it.
For most personality inventories, that context is in terms of determining what makes people comfortable in interpersonal relations. It doesn't predict the kinds of jobs you like (even though people online say it does). It doesn't predict your income earnings potential. It doesn't predict how you will act in any given circumstance. It doesn't predict how you will feel in any given circumstance. Its only value is in helping to determine what kinds of interactions you are most comfortable with.
This is the same as other psychology tests, like those online autism, ADD, or psychopathy tests that people are also obsessed with. The paper test literally means nothing on its own. It is used to follow up on a clinical observation.
Also, by the way, the Myers-Briggs test itself has had a hard time standing up to scrutiny because the test is very transparent about what it's testing for, so any test-taker can manipulate their answers to get the result they want very easily. Modern personality tests are usually some variant of the "big five" (which is kind of like Myers-Briggs plus one). The tests have gotten better at not convincing you to manipulate the result.
A lot of people who are engineers are uncomfortable with this kind of arrangement, but it's how a lot of psychology (and medicine, for that matter) works due to the uncertainty in the testing vehicles, which is substantial.
I am aware that the MBTI has outlived Jungian psychoanalysis so we should assess it on its own merits (and not by its intended context) and as such it is at best useless fun (like the horoscope, online autism test, etc[1]) but at worst an industry based around provably false benefits.
On its own merits MBTI is no different from modern personality tests in its lack of utility. It only set is self apart by being exceptionally poor at it, and explicitly basing it self on non-sensical statistical methods. Modern personality tests use cromulent statistics but fail to demonstrate any merit outside of which personality they’ve “discovered”. In other words, they’ve “discovered” epicycle and use that to describe planetary motions, all the while cognitive psychologists, behavior psychologists, neuro-pshychologists, sociologists, etc. have discovered general relativity and are using that to describe the same phenomena.
1: Although online autism tests often serve as a first step for autistic adults to go and get an actual diagnostic, or even just self-diagnose, and become a part of the autistic or neuro-diversity community which often has quite positive effects on their lives (if only by educating and being around other people in the community). I fail to see how MBTI has even this tiny foot-in-the-door benefit.
The typical use of big 5 and MBTI is to help teams work together and understand each others' working styles. That's it. The Jungean crap is just crap. Like literally everything else in psychology, it's a discussion point that gets the conversation started. So is Big 5. So is CBT (arguably the most "evidence-based" form of psychology, which still turns out to be scientifically debatable).
It turns out that psychology is just about having structured conversations about your feelings. Personality tests are a framework for that, and they work for that purpose (and basically that purpose alone).
Personality psychology is there. They have been creating better measurements for over 50 years now, but they are still failing to demonstrate that personality effects in the real world are nothing more then something they believe exists.
Where it falls apart is making predictions about how individuals will react to a certain situation or how people will interact with each other. In that I've never seen it do better than just what a socially competent person would accomplish by going with their judgement and intuition, and often worse.
This is a link that describes how people will relate with each other, and I’ve found it to be accurate. Note the type encoding system is slightly different from MBTI, for introverts the last letter has to be flipped.
I want to point out that MBTI is basically a brochure version of an underlying theory. The value comes from understanding the individual cognitive functions themselves. Once you understand that, you can know the _process_ someone uses to think and make decisions. That gives you a better idea of why they think the way they do, especially if their cfs are different / confusing to you. It’s like being able to boot up someone else’s mental… OS in a VM (taxing and slow, but if you really want to run something, necessary.)
Also, the questions (at least on last test) thinking/feeling scale seemed to measure values rather then actual personality.
Honestly, I was at a company who got everybody to do the personality tests and then had a marriage counselor sit down with every team to discuss the results. The goal was to help people try to relate to each other more effectively.
It was honestly a decent exercise. I learned that I was one of 3 extroverted programmers at the company (of 150 devs). I don't know that it had much of a lasting impact, but it was solid effort on the part of that company.
The only reason I know the Optimus Prime thing is that they asked us to find a famous figure with a matching personality type to include on our team's internal wiki page.
That's not even getting into how month-of-birth could affect how a child fits into the school system. Some months will be on average older than their classmates, some younger.
I think the second effect is probably stronger in the modern (air-conditioned, artificially-lit, state-schooled) era.
From the abstract: "Winter/spring birth, while associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia, is generally associated with superior outcomes with respect to physical and cognitive development."
Source: Schizophrenia Research 81 (2006) 91–100. "Season of birth is associated with anthropometric and neurocognitive outcomes during infancy and childhood in a general population birth cohort". https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/3743679/sdarticl...
The test might ask such insightful questions as "are you over 65?" and "are both of your parents white?". Then it would use complex algorithms to determine that you are a white retiree.
I think this is right, and a lot of the "this is astrology" people seem to be conflating the fact that something can be useful (which, to be clear, I don't believe astrology is) with the fact that something can be misused.
> I've never seen someone guess horoscope signs above chance.
I've met one person who was David-Blaine-party-trick-level good at this. Out of ~20 people she never met (including me) I think she missed one person's water/earth/fire/air sign, and was probably >80% on guessing their month sign, it was very entertaining.
Even if it isn't perfect, it is a framework for me to arrive at a consistent typing systems for anyone. I can now accurately predict people, what they'll do in most circumstances, and then their likes/dislikes. 16 buckets gives you a small group of permutations to start with - and then to whittle a person into for refinement.
The fallacy is to approach the test as an absolute, rather than for proclivities. Each person of a "type" will still have unique differences. Humans really aren't that unique, bell curve and all.... x of 100 groupings helped me understand that.
I had the same exact experience.
It's almost like all models are wrong, but some are useful.
A personality framework assigns you a label based on the traits you have.
They’re basically the opposite of each other.
I agree with the other comment that assigning a binary classification to a unimodal distribution is pretty much worthless.
- people born after the start of the school year are a lot older when they go to school. That skews this a lot. You’re larger, stronger, more developed. That gives you a huge advantage. 6 months at that point is 10% of your life, maybe even more
People born during the winter (I think) have more exposure to sunlight after the first few months of being inside/protected.
With just these two influences you can explain quite some traits of star signs
MBTI says a person with "S" sensing abilities has these traits (x,y,z). No predictions, but observations of one's tendencies.
And then they write articles claiming that things like the MBTI are useless because their self-made buckets are perfectly fine most of the time.
And I'm a self-made bucket kind of person. I didn't get from the MBTI what you did, but I can at least see how it could be useful for some people. (Or maybe even all people, if they took the time to really understand it like you have.)
I agree with you. I noticed I held myself and others to a very high standard, and could not understand why (to me) their irrational decisions didn't let them meet my standards. Studying MBTI for me, helped give me some rational way to understand the proclivities and possible thinking of another to help me understand how people have different strengths/weaknesses and life journies.
The biggest problem with it is that there’s no validity to these “types”. Taking a unimodal normal distribution and just calling everyone below the mode one type and everyone above the mode another type, is not only completely arbitrary but just plain wrong from a statistical perspective. That is, it won’t yield predictions with any accuracy.
In order to show that there actually are real types they need to show a bimodal (or multimodal) distribution. As far as I’m aware, no one has done that.
But in terms of predicting people's behavior or abilities, MB is more harmful than useful, as TFA said, and it should really be seen only as a very limited tool for self-knowledge and personal growth. Btw., I think in that regard the (just as unscientific) enneagram is a much better tool. It also mostly dispenses with the idea that you can "type" others... the enneagram is strictly for self-discovery.
As the article says, Psychology now has some meassures of personality that are actually widely agreed on by researchers and which have some validated predictive power. There is the 5-factor model and also the 3 "dark traits". For more about the former I can recommend Daniel Nettle's book "Personality: What makes you the way you are".
We want to believe we are all unique individuals. To the Nth DNA strand, we are & to our localized "social circle", we are. But in groups of 100, we are not. Society and individuals group themselves to a set of dominant behaviors & social norms - those are what MBTI looks to group.
We have a few people that continuously walk around talking about whether they're D, or "oh that's such an S thing to do". Yes... all people's personalities fit into some stupid 4 personality acronym.
It seems like it's only a stone's throw away from astrology.
That is such a Taurus thing to say.
“What? I was sure you were an extrovert based on how you act!”
“Unfortunately I detest talking to you all, it’s just the only way to get anything done.”
Also it's funny how if you see someone on Twitter or on dating site putting it up on their profile it's like 90% of a time is an INTP/J
Thanked them for their time and moved on...
My recruiter didn't understand why I was running for the door.
Look, I think they're useful as a general idea, though I'd never use them to tell me anything concrete, even with the caveat that all people in the situation are acting honestly.
I'm just most interested in the companies who require the tests as part of their onboarding. If me taking the test is a prerequisite for me working there, what does that say about your organization?
Example: If you are a xxTJ "thinker judger" I know that you'll be upfront, may use coarse wording, cut to the chase, and may bulldoze people (I am xNTJ). An "xxFP" "Feeler Perceiver" will internalize words and apply emotional meaning, empathize with people easily & understand people, but be put off by "in your face" types.
1. Seeing MBTI as limiting is itself a limitation. People bring value in different ways and knowing where to look for it can be life changing.
2. Personality is genetic but can vary wildly. MBTI is best seen as a genotype (markers for traits, rather than the expression of traits). Some of its categories aren't very helpful while others can help guide a career.
3. MBTI is more of an ongoing study rather than a test you take. Once developed, it provides a helpful guide to communicating, understanding expectations and compatibility with others. It’s also a helpful mirror to see your own blind spots.
4. Mature individuals can be difficult to type as they present as they choose rather than their defaults.I suppose even if they _don't_ mean anything, if they help the person introspect and figure out what works for them it's worth it in some way. It just really grinds my gears to see these "consultants" or "coaches" talk about this stuff as if it is totally evidence-based and backed by science. Unless maybe Clifton is different somehow?
"There may be said to be two classes of people in the world; those who constantly divide the people of the world into two classes, and those who do not."
Corporations, and society in general, put far too much faith in trying to read the tea leaves of human cognition and behavior through shortcuts.
But a key factor with us is that we use it as a preference indicator, not a reality indicator. It has heuristic value as a way of talking about universal human experiences.
I want to be thought of as an ENFP, so that’s what I call myself, even though the test thinks I am INFP. The test is not important. But the letters are shorthand for a set of policies by which my behavior can be made sense of.
Maybe there is a better way. But, no, it’s not meaningless.
> The Myers-Briggs is useful for one thing: entertainment. There's absolutely nothing wrong with taking the test as a fun, interesting activity, like a BuzzFeed quiz.
However the industry brands it self as a utility based on science, when it is in fact neither. And I take issue with that. At best this is really really expensive entertainment exploited by big business, selling a product based on a lie.
Run away from any company demanding you take such a test as part of their interviewing process. It's as useful to the company as informing them of your astrological sign. Outside of entertainment it serves no purpose and using it outside of entertainment is detrimental to all involved. Any company using Myers-Briggs to evaluate their employees or future employees is likely to be using other snake oil methodologies as well and is best to be avoided.
It’s fine. As long as you realize that it’s not binary, and indicates a tendency, not an absolute.
N types can make the leap. S types (of the many I've known) believe they're intuitive until actually experiencing they may not be, or are too data focused to allow an intuitive leap to be made. And that bothers S more than N.
Every ESTJ / ISTJ wants to be an INTJ.
But people do seem to find it useful as a tool for personal introspection, making it similar to tarot, astrology, i ching, etc. Meaningless maybe but not worthless per se.
While plenty of people are being scammed using astrology, way more people are just spending little to no money just having fun. Personality psychology is overwhelmingly businessmen selling snake oil.