The renderer is only one piece of the entire animated movie production pipeline.
Modeling -> Texturing ~ rigging /Animation -> post processing effects -> rendering - > video editing
That's a simplified view of the visual part of producing a short or long cgi film
It is a lot of knowledge to aquire so a production team is likely made of specialists and sub specialists (lighting?) working to a degree together.
The best achieving software, especially given its affordability is likely Blender. Other tools lile cinema4d, Maya and of course 3d smax are also pretty good all in one products that cover the whole pileline, although pricey.
Start with modeling, then texturing, then animation. Etc. Then dive into the slice that attracts you the most. Realistically you aren't going to ship a professional grade film so you may as well just learn what you love, and who knows perhaps one day become a professional and appear in the long credit name list at the end of a Disney/Pixar, Dreamworks hit.